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                <text>Projection and latitude and longitude lines </text>
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                <text>This layer shows the lines that the mapmaker used to design the projection. This is an important backbone to the map as it shows how Vespucci planned the unusual polar projection and the lines would have provided him with guidelines for where different features are. The latitude and longitude lines also allow the viewer to orient themselves in regards to which part of the globe they are seeing. These lines are very obvious and visually striking, especially in the large spaces around the globe. </text>
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        <name>meridians</name>
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                <text>Proportion sick</text>
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              <text>Homann, Johann Baptist</text>
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          <description>individual map, atlas sheet, book figure, part of bound collection, born-digital</description>
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              <text>individual map</text>
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              <text>http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/011297916/catalog </text>
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          <name>Digital Repository</name>
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              <text>http://ids.lib.harvard.edu/ids/view/9538198?buttons=y</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Prospect und Grundriss der Keiserl. Freyen Reichs und Ansee Stadt Hamburg samt ihrer Gegend / edirt durch Ioh. Bapt Homann in Nürnberg</text>
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                <text>Homann, Johann Baptist</text>
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                <text>1730</text>
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                  <text>Tip &amp; Tricks</text>
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                <text>Put a record on the timeline</text>
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                <text>&lt;ol&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Click on the Records tab and open the record you'd like to connect to the timeline.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Click on the &lt;strong&gt;Styles&lt;/strong&gt; tab, and click in the &lt;strong&gt;Widgets&lt;/strong&gt; box. Select SIMILE Timeline.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Scroll down to the &lt;strong&gt;Dates&lt;/strong&gt; field set.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Enter s &lt;strong&gt;Start Date&lt;/strong&gt;. Use the format yyyy-mm-dd (for example, 2016-10-21).&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Enter an &lt;strong&gt;End Date&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;(if appropriate).&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Click &lt;strong&gt;Save&lt;/strong&gt; at the bottom of the form. The map should appear as a span on the timeline.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Next, let’s configure the record so that it’s only visible on the map between those two dates (right now it is always “on”). Go down to the &lt;strong&gt;Dates&lt;/strong&gt; field set and enter “1854-01-01” in the &lt;strong&gt;After Date&lt;/strong&gt; input and “1905-01-01” in the &lt;strong&gt;Before Date&lt;/strong&gt; field. Now, the map will only be visible when the “center” line on the timeline falls between those dates.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Click &lt;strong&gt;Save&lt;/strong&gt; and close the form.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;/ol&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Chinese Qing Empire's Mapping of the Northwestern Border</text>
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                  <text>This collection is a series of Chinese Qing Empire (1644-1911)’s maps on its north-western borderline from the 18th century to 19th century. These maps show how the Qing Empire manipulated power on the newly conquered territory and how the Empire gradually failed its competition on territory with the Russian Empire (1721–1917). The time span of this collection covers the period of transformation in late imperial China: Western ideas and techniques were introduced, and the Chinese court and literati gradually tried to assimilate them into traditional framework of knowledge. The case of maps and cartography was no exception. In my final project, I plan to explore how the court and literati used and perceived maps. </text>
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              <text>https://lccn.loc.gov/gm71002481&#13;
http://digitalatlas.ascdc.sinica.edu.tw/map_detail.jsp?id=A103000048</text>
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              <text>Dong Youcheng</text>
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                <text>Qing Empire's Complete Map of All Under Heaven&#13;
</text>
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                <text>Dong Youcheng&#13;
Li Zhaoluo</text>
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                <text>Li Zhaoluo</text>
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                <text>1832</text>
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                <text>The Qing Empire under Emperor Qianlong (r. 1735-1795) was an age of expansion. After conquering the New Domination at the west, the Emperor sent missionaries there to do surveys. In 1761, basing on new surveys and the previous national map made under Emperor Kangxi regime (r. 1661-1722), missionaries finished a new map on the whole Qing Empire with longitude and latitude. This map is later called Imperial atlas of the Imperial Secretariat from the Qianlong Reign. Since this map is usually kept in the Imperial Secretariat, few people could see it.&#13;
&#13;
However, Dong Youcheng managed to copy the Qianlong map, and Li Zhaoluo later compiled and published this copy in 1832. This newly published map is named “Qing Empire's Complete Map of All Under Heaven.” This map combines the Western geographic coordinate system and the grid system used in traditional Chinese cartography.</text>
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                <text>Territories of the Chineses Qing Empire (around the later 18th century)</text>
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                <text>Railway tracks</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The Hejaz Rail ran from Damascus to Medina with a branch through the port city of Haifa. Palestine Railways linked El Kantara, Egypt to Haifa by way of Jerusalem. These railways once served to connect the region but were discontinued in 1948.</text>
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                <text>The railways are drawn on the map in thick lines, labelled by their destinations, and emphasised by side-on engravings of trains. In these ways they are placed ahead of other forms of transport: roads and canals are shown, but they do not specifically link Paris to other parts of France, and visually merge with the background of the map. In part this seems just to be an attempt to flag up an exciting technological innovation, and one that must have been very recent: the trains to not lead to names stations but to small, sparely depicted “embarcaderes,” which suggests that formal large railway stations had not yet been built—indeed each line leads to a different, single embarcadere. The depiction of the railways is comparable to that of the monuments (both break the 2D visual language of the map) and that of the forts, which also link Paris with areas not depicted on the map. Railways are highlighted in red on a small accompanying map of the surrounding area, which also shows nearby towns, fortifications, rivers and roads, none of which are marked in colour. It is interesting examining the interaction between the railways and the other layers—the lines circle Paris between the Murs d’Enceinte and Murs d’Octroi, and only enter central Paris to reach their terminuses, perhaps indicating which areas were most densely populated and had the most powerful residents.&#13;
I ran out of tracing paper so I traced these lines on the same sheets as the Monuments. They don't overlap.</text>
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                  <text>Elkhorn Ranch</text>
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                  <text>Westward Expansion; Ranching in the Dakota Territories in the 1880s; Theodore Roosevelt; Little Missouri River</text>
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                  <text>My curated map collection helps analyze how a particular space, the basin of the Little Missouri River in present day North Dakota, took on special personal meaning to Theodore Roosevelt in the 1880s. My project investigates how the land and people in the Little Missouri created a unique cultural and historical phenomenon that endured not just in Roosevelt’s conscience but also in the national imagination. My project will answer such questions as: what were the cultural and economic forces that led to a ranching boom in the Little Missouri Basin in the 1880s? How did the space change Roosevelt? How did he and others change the space? What cultural, ideological, and personal meaning did Roosevelt attach to the space, and how, and why? How did what happened there reflect or influence understandings of national identity in the latter half of the 19th century? I include these maps as texts and tools to provide context and analysis in answering these and other questions.</text>
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            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="556">
                  <text>Josiah Corbus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="557">
                  <text>November 2016</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Historical Map</name>
      <description>Fill out as many of these fields as possible. Required Dublin core fields include Title, Description, Publisher</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="191">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>individual map, atlas sheet, book figure, part of bound collection, born-digital</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="814">
              <text>Handwritten, single sheet</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="192">
          <name>Format notes</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="815">
              <text>9.5 x 13.25 in.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="193">
          <name>Collection</name>
          <description>Name of collection of which the map is a part</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="816">
              <text>Theodore Roosevelt National Park - National Park Service and Dickinson State University</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="195">
          <name>Call Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="817">
              <text>Accession Number: 474 / 6492b</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="196">
          <name>URL or Unique Identifier</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="818">
              <text>http://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Research/Digital-Library/Record.aspx?libID=o275512</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="199">
          <name>Date Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="819">
              <text>1900-1960? </text>
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      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="804">
                <text>Ranches in North Dakota (Roosevelt) Badlands Area in '80's</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="805">
                <text>Medora; Ranches; Theodore Roosevelt</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="806">
                <text>Unknown</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="807">
                <text>Theodore Roosevelt National Park</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="808">
                <text>Theodore Roosevelt National Park - National Park Service and Dickinson State University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="809">
                <text>1900-1960? </text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="810">
                <text>Handwritten, single sheet, 9.5 x 13.25 in.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="811">
                <text>English</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="812">
                <text>Historical Map</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="813">
                <text>Accession Number: 474 / 6492b</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="916">
                <text>This map provides a loose sketch of the Little Missouri River Basin, with a focus on the tributary streams that flow into the Little Missouri, and the ranches in the area. Ambiguity about the map's authorship, date of creation, and scale--not to mention its unspecific, almost abstract, depiction of space--calls into question this map's reliability as a source of verifiable information. For instance, the way that each stream or creek is drawn almost identically, with two forks each, makes viewers wonder how accurate this map really is. Indeed, satellite imagery of the same area of the Little Missouri confirms that the map's depiction of streams is not faithful to the actual topography of the land. This inaccuracy does not mean, however, that the source surrenders all of its value. After all, the map's purported purpose is to show ranches, not natural features. In light of this stated goal, the streams may have been represented more for their position relative to ranches and each other than for topographic accuracy. &#13;
&#13;
Even so, the value of the depiction of ranches is reduced by the lack of a date on the map. Though the map purports to show ranches in the '80s, assumed to mean the 1880s, the period in which Roosevelt came to the Little Missouri, there is reason to question how accurately this map represents 1880s ranches. For one, another map in this collection, also courtesy of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, shows far fewer ranches in the same area than this map shows. Furthermore, the inaccuracy of the rivers makes one wonder if the ranches are placed on the page with a similar disregard. &#13;
&#13;
In spite of these shortcomings, the map provides some value in that it shows how ranches in the area were clustered along the Little Missouri. Also, by centering the map on Medora, the map-maker highlights the importance of that town as a transportation hub at the geographic center of the Little Missouri Basin ranching boom in the 1880s. Medora, of course, was the town that connected the region to the Northern Pacific, which transported cattle and people to and from all points East. </text>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="936">
                <text>Scope: local geography. Selective portion of a small river basin. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="505">
        <name>colorless</name>
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      <tag tagId="553">
        <name>Dakota Territory</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="501">
        <name>hand illustrated natural features</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="499">
        <name>Little Missouri River</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="494">
        <name>Medora</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="504">
        <name>no grids</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="503">
        <name>ranches</name>
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      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>rivers</name>
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      <tag tagId="498">
        <name>Theodore Roosevelt</name>
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      <tag tagId="495">
        <name>Theodore Roosevelt National Park</name>
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      <tag tagId="500">
        <name>tributaries</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="189">
        <name>watershed</name>
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  <item itemId="188" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="138">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/hist1952/original/64bd6894ce422776870b524c5f81c792.jpg</src>
        <authentication>dc382ab9f10b94a7e6a493c1744ea24a</authentication>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Elkhorn Ranch</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="554">
                  <text>Westward Expansion; Ranching in the Dakota Territories in the 1880s; Theodore Roosevelt; Little Missouri River</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="555">
                  <text>My curated map collection helps analyze how a particular space, the basin of the Little Missouri River in present day North Dakota, took on special personal meaning to Theodore Roosevelt in the 1880s. My project investigates how the land and people in the Little Missouri created a unique cultural and historical phenomenon that endured not just in Roosevelt’s conscience but also in the national imagination. My project will answer such questions as: what were the cultural and economic forces that led to a ranching boom in the Little Missouri Basin in the 1880s? How did the space change Roosevelt? How did he and others change the space? What cultural, ideological, and personal meaning did Roosevelt attach to the space, and how, and why? How did what happened there reflect or influence understandings of national identity in the latter half of the 19th century? I include these maps as texts and tools to provide context and analysis in answering these and other questions.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="556">
                  <text>Josiah Corbus</text>
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            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="557">
                  <text>November 2016</text>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Historical Map</name>
      <description>Fill out as many of these fields as possible. Required Dublin core fields include Title, Description, Publisher</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="191">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>individual map, atlas sheet, book figure, part of bound collection, born-digital</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="610">
              <text>Separate Map</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="192">
          <name>Format notes</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="611">
              <text>"This is one of the earliest Rand McNally maps that we have seen. The date of 1873 is determined from the only date on the map, in the inset map of Cincinnati. Uncolored sectional map with 8 insets: New mining map of Utah, St. Louis, Railroads around Baltimore and Washington, Philadelphia, New York and vicinity, Chicago, Railroad around Cincinnati, 1872-3, Denver. Showing boundaries of township, counties, states and territories, and detail diagram of township numbering system. Includes references, illustrations and advertisements. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian is Greenwich." - David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</text>
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        <element elementId="193">
          <name>Collection</name>
          <description>Name of collection of which the map is a part</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="612">
              <text>David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="196">
          <name>URL or Unique Identifier</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="613">
              <text>http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~254028~5519109:Rand-McNally-&amp;-Co--s-sectional-map-?sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No#&#13;
&#13;
Image number: 6878001</text>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="601">
                <text>Rand McNally &amp; Co.'s sectional map of the Dakota and the Black Hills</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="602">
                <text>The Dakota Territories; Railroad networks in major U.S. cities; Westward expansion in the 1870s</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="603">
                <text>Full Title: "Rand McNally &amp; Co.'s sectional map of the Dakota and the Black Hills. Printed expressly for J. Bride &amp; Co.'s Great American 25 Cent package, 767 and 769 Broadway, New York City. A.W. Barber, Del. Rand McNally &amp; Co. Printers, engravers and electrotypers, 79 Madison Street, Chicago. (with 8 insets). (on verso) Rand McNally &amp; Co.'s new railway guide map."&#13;
&#13;
From the David Ramsey Collection Notes: “This is one of the earliest Rand McNally maps that we have seen. The date of 1873 is determined from the only date on the map, in the inset map of Cincinnati. Uncolored sectional map with 8 insets: New mining map of Utah, St. Louis, Railroads around Baltimore and Washington, Philadelphia, New York and vicinity, Chicago, Railroad around Cincinnati, 1872-3, Denver. Showing boundaries of township, counties, states and territories, and detail diagram of township numbering system. Includes references, illustrations and advertisements. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian is Greenwich.”&#13;
&#13;
My description: This map provides a view into the settlement and organization of the Dakota territories. It depicts the division of the territories into townships and counties. The division into townships ceases about halfway across the territories moving East to West, allowing us to see how at this time, in the 1870s, the land in the Western part of the Dakotas had yet to be surveyed and settled. &#13;
&#13;
The map also provides extensive information about railway lines in U.S. cities (St. Louis, Baltimore and Washington, Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, Cincinnati, Denver). The placement of these railway networks next to the map of the Dakota Territories implies an intention on the part of the map-maker to tell a story of how the cities connect, or soon will, to the sparsely populated territories. Indeed, the bottom right (Southeast) corner of the main portion of the map shows a rail line into Yankton, a town in the territories, with a note that says, "Chicago to Yankton, 575 Miles 31 Hours."&#13;
&#13;
Finally, the advertisements for revolvers and watches sold by "J. Bride &amp; Co.," a New York retailer, indicate a particular audience for the map: Easterners looking to go West to the Dakota territories. Seeing as Theodore Roosevelt was a New Yorker who did just that, this map seems to speak faithfully to Roosevelt's historical moment.&#13;
</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Rand McNally &amp; Co.</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="605">
                <text>David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Rand McNally &amp; Co.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="607">
                <text>1873</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Historical Map</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="933">
                <text>Scope: &#13;
&#13;
Main map: Dakota Territory (regional)&#13;
Insets: city-wide/metropolis</text>
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        <name>advertisement</name>
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        <name>Baltimore</name>
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        <name>Black Hills</name>
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        <name>British America</name>
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        <name>Chicago</name>
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        <name>Cincinnati</name>
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        <name>county</name>
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        <name>Dakota Territory</name>
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        <name>Denver</name>
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        <name>illustrations</name>
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        <name>inset map</name>
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        <name>Nebraska</name>
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        <name>New York</name>
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        <name>Philadelphia</name>
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        <name>railways</name>
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        <name>Rand McNally &amp; Co.</name>
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        <name>revolver</name>
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        <name>St. Louis</name>
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        <name>township</name>
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      <tag tagId="353">
        <name>uncolored</name>
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        <name>Utah</name>
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        <name>Washington D.C.</name>
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        <name>watch</name>
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        <name>westward expansion</name>
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        <name>Wyoming</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Regional Titles </text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="15">
                <text>The casual labels on this map reflect that political divisions of territory were less clear during this time period. The map was drawn at a time after the Ottomans lost control of the region but the British and French had not yet imposed their own labels and territorial divisions. &#13;
The labels reflect the previous demarcation of the region in Ottoman Palestine and are simply the names of central cities: Damascus, El-Kuds, and Beirut. There are also smaller titles demarcating regions in contemporary Jordan.  The only label that corresponds to a modern nation state is that of Egypt.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
</text>
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        <name>Ottoman Syria</name>
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        <name>pre-British occupation</name>
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        <name>pre-french occupation</name>
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      <tag tagId="89">
        <name>The Mutasarrifate of Al-Kuds</name>
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