1
10
3
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effffac82b4658d10f1e061099caa4f3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mapping disease
Description
An account of the resource
My final project investigates the different ways of mapping disease throughout history and how this can be seen as a product of attitudes towards disease and understanding of the underlying mechanisms at a particular time. While now producing maps of disease is a basic tool in epidemiology and public health, this way of visualizing disease patterns did not develop until around the turn of the 19th century. Prompted in part by serious epidemics of cholera and yellow fever, maps became an important tool in the mission to understand the mode of transmission of disease. In particular, maps were key in the debate over and development of germ theory. Later, maps were also used to disseminate awareness to the general public, and no longer remained the preserve of scientists and public health officials in academic contexts. For this initial map collection I aimed to display three maps that show significantly different ways of thinking about infectious disease. In particular, they show three key stages in the understanding of disease: initial mapping to attempt to discern a mode of transmission, knowledge of a vector and its range, and an attempt to communicate the urgency and danger of disease to the public.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Isabella C
Historical Map
Fill out as many of these fields as possible. Required Dublin core fields include Title, Description, Publisher
Cartographer
Merensky, Alexander
Engraver
Mauch, Carl Gottlieb; Baines, Thomas; Mohr, Eduard
Type
individual map, atlas sheet, book figure, part of bound collection, born-digital
Individual map
URL or Unique Identifier
http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~281839~90054785:Original-map-of-the-Transvaal-or-So?sort=pub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_date&qvq=q:disease;sort:pub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_date;lc:RUMSEY~8~1&mi=1&trs=22
Digital Repository
David Rumsey Map Collection
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Original map of the Transvaal or South-African Republic
Description
An account of the resource
This map is entitled the “Original map of the Transvaal or South-African Republic” and was published in 1875. It was the first comprehensive and accurate map of the Transvaal and was published just before the outbreak of the First Boer War. The map shows the geography of the area, and highlights (quite literally, through the use of color) the political boundaries between Portuguese dominions, British dominions, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. The feature of the map that makes it most interesting to my project, however, is the inclusion of a green line that marks the “boundary of the Tsetse fly.” The tsetse fly causes sleeping sickness, one of the diseases that posed such difficulties to the European colonial endeavor. Until you read the label, it looks like the green line marks another territorial boundary between nations; instead it gives the territory of the fly as much visual importance as that of, say, Britain. Insofar as presence of the tsetse fly and therefore increased disease transmission prevented colonial expansion, then perhaps the green line does mark a political boundary: the regions to which European colonizers could not expand. It is also an interesting way of visualizing disease, since no disease is explicitly mentioned on the map, instead it is the habitat of the vector that is noted, with the implication that everyone knew what the tsetse fly was and its effect. Disease is referenced vaguely in other labels on the map, such as “unhealthy flats”, but this is not even given a exact marker or reference to the type of disease in that area.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Alexander Merensky
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Alexander Merensky (Berlin)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1875
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Country/region (1:1,800,000)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
J. Sulzer
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
46 x 46 cm
Africa
Boers
British Influence
Colonialism
diamonds
disease
gold
IC
Portuguese influence
South Africa
Transvaal
tsetse fly
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https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/hist1952/original/a16c0c0b0c06d3eff1dd39a7b40a4c17.jpg
6e1984cc874c742145c3d289af9f0b67
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mapping disease
Description
An account of the resource
My final project investigates the different ways of mapping disease throughout history and how this can be seen as a product of attitudes towards disease and understanding of the underlying mechanisms at a particular time. While now producing maps of disease is a basic tool in epidemiology and public health, this way of visualizing disease patterns did not develop until around the turn of the 19th century. Prompted in part by serious epidemics of cholera and yellow fever, maps became an important tool in the mission to understand the mode of transmission of disease. In particular, maps were key in the debate over and development of germ theory. Later, maps were also used to disseminate awareness to the general public, and no longer remained the preserve of scientists and public health officials in academic contexts. For this initial map collection I aimed to display three maps that show significantly different ways of thinking about infectious disease. In particular, they show three key stages in the understanding of disease: initial mapping to attempt to discern a mode of transmission, knowledge of a vector and its range, and an attempt to communicate the urgency and danger of disease to the public.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Isabella C
Historical Map
Fill out as many of these fields as possible. Required Dublin core fields include Title, Description, Publisher
Type
individual map, atlas sheet, book figure, part of bound collection, born-digital
Individual sheet map, included with a magazine
URL or Unique Identifier
http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~290431~90061990:World-Map-of-the-Major-Tropical-Dis?sort=pub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_date&qvq=q:disease;sort:pub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_list_no_initialsort%2Cpub_date;lc:RUMSEY~8~1&mi=21&trs=22
Digital Repository
David Rumsey Map Collection
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
World Map of the Major Tropical Diseases
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Boris Artzybasheff
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Time, Inc. (New York)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1944
Description
An account of the resource
This map, produced in 1944, shows major “tropical diseases” and where they occur in the world. A stylized image of the vector or symptoms of the disease is drawn over each afflicted region. Along the bottom of the map is a key describing which image refers to which disease, with a short block of text giving more background about each disease below the corresponding image. Interestingly, malaria is the only disease not identified by an image, and instead malarial zones are just colored pink. The map overall creates an almost gruesome image in which the world is covered in insects, pests, and deformed humans. It is a very unconventional way of depicting disease since the area that each image marks and the ranges of diseases are very vague. It would not be very useful for an epidemiologist, but is a striking way of conveying to the viewer the number of diseases that afflict the world and to what extent we possess the ability to treat them. The decision to depict malaria so differently raises an interesting question about perception of that disease in particular.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
World
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Life Magazine
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
36 x 53 cm (sheet)
artzybasheff
cholera
dengue
disease
fly
helminthic disease
IC
images
Japanese river fever
leishmaniasis
leprosy
magazine
malaria
mosquito
pests
plague
rat
relapsing fever
Rocky Mountain fever
sleeping sickness
text
tick
tularemia
typhus
world map
worm
yaws
yellow fever
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https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/hist1952/original/d2a5abdb3618a54867b30b7db7ae4b99.jpeg
1c422a8251e17cb7aba52221190f3ee5
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mapping disease
Description
An account of the resource
My final project investigates the different ways of mapping disease throughout history and how this can be seen as a product of attitudes towards disease and understanding of the underlying mechanisms at a particular time. While now producing maps of disease is a basic tool in epidemiology and public health, this way of visualizing disease patterns did not develop until around the turn of the 19th century. Prompted in part by serious epidemics of cholera and yellow fever, maps became an important tool in the mission to understand the mode of transmission of disease. In particular, maps were key in the debate over and development of germ theory. Later, maps were also used to disseminate awareness to the general public, and no longer remained the preserve of scientists and public health officials in academic contexts. For this initial map collection I aimed to display three maps that show significantly different ways of thinking about infectious disease. In particular, they show three key stages in the understanding of disease: initial mapping to attempt to discern a mode of transmission, knowledge of a vector and its range, and an attempt to communicate the urgency and danger of disease to the public.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Isabella C
Historical Map
Fill out as many of these fields as possible. Required Dublin core fields include Title, Description, Publisher
Type
individual map, atlas sheet, book figure, part of bound collection, born-digital
Book figure
URL or Unique Identifier
https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:7142160$7i
Digital Repository
Open Collections Program at Harvard University
Date Depicted
1817-1831
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
History of the epidemic spasmodic cholera of Russia
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Francis Bisset Hawkins
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
J. Murray (London)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1831
Description
An account of the resource
This map shows how the cholera epidemic spread across the world from 1817-1831. The only cities labeled on the map are places at which cholera was recorded during the epidemic, clearly showing the impressive geographical range the epidemic reached. This map is particularly interesting because it aims to depict change over time, by including the date at which cholera was first recorded at that specific place on most of the labels. It is not initially very easy to determine where the epidemic originated and the path it took because there is no guide other than the dates, so you have to read all the labels to get a sense of the narrative that the map is telling – it is not very visually obvious. Assessing the path of transmission of a disease is key in identifying the mechanism by which it is spread, and this map is an excellent example of an attempt to better understand cholera, laying the pathway for the discovery of waterborne transmission in the next 20-30 years.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
World
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Book: "History of the epidemic spasmodic cholera of Russia :including a copious account of the disease which has prevailed in India, and which has travelled, under that name,
from Asia into Europe, illustrated by numerous official and other documents, explanatory of the nature, treatment, and prevention of the malady"
cholera
dates
disease
IC
Place Names
rivers
transmission
world map